I am Multisensorial, the Contribution of Designin to Child Neurorehabilitation

2.1 Gestalt psychology
The founders of Gestalt psychology, between 1910 and 1930 are 
usually considered Kurt Koffka
1
, Wolfgang Köhler
2
 and Max Wer-
theimer
3
 that were certainly the main promoters and these strengths 
of this current scientific research in psychology. Their psychological 
studies focused primarily on perceptual aspects and reasoning / pro-
blem-solving skills. The Gestalt helped develop surveys on learning, 
memory, thought, on social psychology.
The main idea of the founders of Gestalt psychology, that the whole 
thing is different from the sum of the individual parts, somehow oppo-
sed to structuralism, popular model from the late 1800s, and its fun-
damental principles, such as the really knows. And hence the famous 
maxim: “the whole is more than the sum of individual parts.”
Gestalt theory, proved highly innovative, as they track the bases of 
behavior, the way they perceive the reality, rather than for what it re-
ally is; then the first pillar for Gestalt theory was built on the study of 
perceptual processes and in an immediate perception of the pheno-
menal world.
The Gestalt theoretical model regarding the thought opposed to be-
haviorist that solved the problems animals with a pattern formed by 
trial and error, proposing instead a policy of explanation formed by 
thought, understanding and insight.
Also in the field of social psychology, Gestalt theories came into con-
flict with those behaviourist, which provided to explain social behavior 
only based on social gratification, such as praise and approval, and in-
stead proposed the theory of attribution which emphasize the feelings, 
perceptions, goals, intentions, beliefs, motivations and beliefs.
Gestalt psychology it is not fair to divide the human experience in its 
elementary components and should instead consider the whole as 
parent phenomenon than the sum of its components: “the whole is 
more than the sum of its parts” (molarismo or epistemological position 
       1  Kurt Koffka (Berlin, March 18, 1886-Northampton, November 22, 1941) was a German psychologist, gestalt psychology.
       2  Wolfgang Köhler (Reval, January 21, 1887 – Enfield, June 11, 1967) was a German psychologist, gestalt psychology exponent.
       3  Max Wertheimer (Prague, April 15, 1880 – New Rochelle, October 12, 1943) was a Czech psychologist. He was one of the greatest exponents gestalt psychology, along with Kurt Koffka and Wolfgang Köhler.
emergentism) in the same way that a company’s characteristics do not 
match those of the individuals who constitute it. What we are and feel 
our own behavior, are the result of a complex organization that also 
guide our thought processes. The same perception is not preceded 
by feeling but is an instant process-affected by past experiences just 
because these are the background of the current experience-which is 
derived from Gestalt, as a combination of the different components of 
an experience real-timely. The ability to perceive an object so it has to 
be traced to an organization headed by the nervous system and not 
such a trivial image focused from the retina.
To understand the world around you tend to identify shapes according 
to patterns that seem suitable-chosen for imitation learning and sha-
ring-and through similar processes are organized both the perception 
that thought and feeling; This is usually quite unconsciously.
5  Gestalt logo
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  2 BIBLIOGRAPHIC REVIEW